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Video abstract of "Permissive tolerance of the patent ductus arteriosus may increase the risk of chronic lung disease" published in the open access journal of Research and Report in Neonatology by Joseph W Kaempf, Robert Huston, YingXing Wu et al. Purpose: Because early closure therapies of the patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) have not been shown to confer benefit to premature infants, the authors' four neonatal intensive care units adopted a less aggressive PDA management protocol. Study design: A before--after investigation in infants with PDAs born 501--1500 g. Era 1 (January 2005 to December 2007) featured traditional management with indomethacin and/or surgical ligation used early to close PDAs; Era 2 (January 2008 to June 2009) featured fluid restriction and watchful waiting for PDA closure, limiting indomethacin or surgical ligation to only those infants with large PDAs needing significant respiratory support. Conclusion: Permissive tolerance of PDAs may increase the risk of CLD and Death after Day 7 or CLD but is not associated with significant changes in other Vermont Oxford Network morbidities. Read this original research and sign up to receive Research and Reports in Neonatology here: http://www.dovepress.com/permissive-tolerance-of-the-patent-ductus-arteriosus-may-increase-the--peer-reviewed-article-RRN