| 0:00:01 | my name is a manager alan t and i'm a masters doing in africa and |
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| 0:00:05 | international developments at the center of african studies at the university of alma |
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| 0:00:10 | during may to june of two thousand eleven i spent seven weeks in kenya doing |
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| 0:00:14 | field research on gender charcoal and the value chain in western can |
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| 0:00:19 | was to the primary data collected was in the western part of can |
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| 0:00:24 | i conducted semi structured interviews and focus group discussions train the field research |
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| 0:00:29 | interviews warehouse with local charcoal stakeholders |
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| 0:00:32 | government representatives then and you are represented us to the expertise in forestry natural resources |
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| 0:00:37 | and gender |
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| 0:00:38 | three focus group discussions warehouse |
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| 0:00:40 | one male and female and one with both male and female participants |
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| 0:00:45 | in looking at charcoal |
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| 0:00:47 | which is one of the most commonly used energy if you'll sources in can i |
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| 0:00:51 | looked at gender equity or fairness within the charcoal value chain |
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| 0:00:55 | the charcoal nineteen represents travel production from the planting of the tree see which becomes |
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| 0:01:01 | a tree eventually python inverted to create charcoal all the way through to charcoal distribution |
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| 0:01:06 | and sale |
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| 0:01:09 | chuckle production was originally an informal in illegal cactus and can |
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| 0:01:13 | meaning it with on taxed in very unregulated |
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| 0:01:16 | it was formalized in regulated by the government of can in the early two thousand |
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| 0:01:20 | and was for the realized in two thousand five with the fourth act |
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| 0:01:25 | but the creation of the kind you for service in two thousand seven chuckle regulation |
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| 0:01:29 | increased are skinny for services ricky regular trained licensing body |
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| 0:01:34 | only thing was levels of the charcoal value chain |
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| 0:01:38 | chuckles produced in rural areas |
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| 0:01:40 | but is more commonly used her abandon the urban areas |
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| 0:01:44 | areas that have little access to firewood as an energy fuel source |
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| 0:01:48 | chuckles quite that for cooking especially in areas with the what climate it is mostly |
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| 0:01:53 | burned using a g cost of |
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| 0:01:56 | the first you levels or stages of the charcoal value chain |
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| 0:02:00 | such as the tree single level |
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| 0:02:02 | entry care management level are dominated by women |
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| 0:02:05 | this is most likely because women are heavily involved in agricultural production |
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| 0:02:10 | in sub saharan africa |
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| 0:02:13 | tree seedlings are planted entry nurseries or farms after this growing period trees are cut |
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| 0:02:18 | and burns |
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| 0:02:20 | and these levels |
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| 0:02:21 | of cutting and burning are most are mostly dominated by men |
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| 0:02:27 | the reading level high |
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| 0:02:28 | traditional learning methods |
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| 0:02:30 | which are still widely used these methods have a low efficiency rate in contribute to |
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| 0:02:35 | further environmental degradation in the area |
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| 0:02:40 | more efficient learning methods include the portable johnstown |
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| 0:02:43 | this method creates an opportunity for women to be involved at the burning level of |
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| 0:02:48 | the value chain as the john uses |
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| 0:02:51 | smaller tree branches which are easy to a range within the cal |
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| 0:02:55 | additionally the can is quite light making it easy to transport to different forms |
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| 0:03:00 | this can help with community bass track a production efforts involving both women and men |
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| 0:03:05 | an increasing some gender equity within this level |
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| 0:03:10 | after burning charcoal is usually package by women and men |
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| 0:03:14 | it's packaged in large thirty to fifty k g stacks in transported by either large-scale |
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| 0:03:19 | are small scale methods |
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| 0:03:21 | well it's got transportation is done by laurie or boats mostly by men |
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| 0:03:26 | well small-scale transportations done by donkey bicycle or motorcycle with both women and men taking |
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| 0:03:32 | power |
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| 0:03:33 | it is worth noting that women have a little if any access to motorcycles |
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| 0:03:37 | for their only used in small scale transportation |
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| 0:03:40 | the next syllable the value chain is usually distribution and sale of charcoal |
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| 0:03:45 | large-scale distribution and sell is dominated by men well small scale is usually dominated by |
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| 0:03:50 | women |
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| 0:03:51 | small-scale selling can be done in conjunction with telling of local parties |
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| 0:03:56 | and the other day to day items that market spaces |
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| 0:03:59 | piece market spaces would have already been established prior to charcoal receiving formal status in |
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| 0:04:04 | can |
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| 0:04:07 | there is a lack of gender equity or fairness in the value chain resulting from |
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| 0:04:11 | gender constructs established in western can |
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| 0:04:15 | these constructs |
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| 0:04:16 | clearly define the roles of women and men within charcoal production and the value chain |
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| 0:04:21 | the reason why gender equity is an issue within the value chain is due to |
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| 0:04:26 | an equal distribution of resources |
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| 0:04:29 | women immense access to in control resources is really not the same |
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| 0:04:34 | there's in balance between women and men and resources gain for labour done |
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| 0:04:39 | with men generally controlling a substantial amount of the resources |
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| 0:04:44 | resources gain from producing transporting in selling charcoal are not always distributed |
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| 0:04:49 | evenly within the household |
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| 0:04:51 | this then creates quite an imbalance and gender dynamics between women and men in the |
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| 0:04:55 | household as well as the greater social sphere within ten |
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