0:00:00and an experiment is not public opinion pull it examines behavior under the pressure of
0:00:05social forces as the experiment of solomon ash reveals
0:00:09experiment you'll be taking part in today involves the perception of length of lines
0:00:14as you can see here i have number of cards
0:00:17and on each card there are several lines
0:00:19it has a very simple one you to look at the final that and determine
0:00:24which of the three lines and the right is able to wouldn't like alright will
0:00:27proceed in this order
0:00:28you'll only one of the people in the group is a real subject fifth person
0:00:32with the white t shirt
0:00:34the others are confederates of the experimenter and of internal to give wrong answers on
0:00:38some of the trials
0:00:40the experiment begins uneventful e is subjects give their judgements
0:00:46so
0:00:47two
0:00:48so
0:00:50sorry
0:00:52or
0:00:53great
0:00:55right
0:00:55but on the third trial something happens so
0:01:00so
0:01:02two
0:01:05two
0:01:08two
0:01:09the subject did nice the evidence of its own eyes and used to group influence
0:01:15i found subjects when along with the group on thirty seven percent of the critical
0:01:19trials
0:01:20but he found through interview was that they one along with the group for different
0:01:24reasons
0:01:26one
0:01:28one they must be right there for them in one of one
0:01:33the subject yielding is based on a distortion of as judgement in genuinely believes that
0:01:38the group is correct
0:01:41one
0:01:42one
0:01:45one
0:01:46two
0:01:48one
0:01:51so
0:01:54so
0:01:56two
0:01:57i is true
0:02:01in this case the subject nosy is right but goes along to avoid the discomfort
0:02:05of disagreement with the group here the distortion is that the level of is response
0:02:09two
0:02:12so
0:02:13q
0:02:15so
0:02:16in the previous experiment the naive subjects alone against the group
0:02:21in this variation s gave the naive subject to partner you're seated in the third
0:02:25position will also gives the correct response
0:02:29while
0:02:32one
0:02:33so
0:02:36one
0:02:39two
0:02:40with a partner yielding drops to only five percent of the critical trials compared to
0:02:44thirty seven percent without a partner
0:02:47although subjects report one thing good feeling for the part no they typically denial that
0:02:51he played a role in their own independence
0:02:55the partnership variation you shows that much of the power of the group came not
0:02:59merely from its numbers but from the unanimity of its opposition
0:03:03when that unanimity is punctured the groups powers greatly reduced
0:03:08sometimes we go along with the group because what they say convinces us they are
0:03:12right this is called informational conformity
0:03:16but sometimes we can form because we are apprehensive that the group of disapproval for
0:03:20your deviant
0:03:21this is called normative conformity
0:03:24the strength of the norman a factor is shown in another variation carried out by
0:03:28a
0:03:30in this variation the subject just all the because the other rival at you would
0:03:34have to write is a answers
0:03:36subjects in this private response experimenter exposed to the same amount of misleading information as
0:03:41other subjects but they are removed from any possible criticism by the group
0:03:46one
0:03:49and this enormously reduces the pressure to conform
0:03:52conformity drops by two thirds
0:03:56ashes experiment is a classic it reveals a people will deny what they see and
0:04:01submit a group pressure
0:04:02allows us not only to observe conformity to study the conditions that increase or reduce
0:04:08its occurrence