if you have everybody carefully at high schools in wintertime you would probably have noticed

that many of them have a stress pattern reports you round conference which half a

wavelength of about one centimetre

in this paper we present an experimental study that explores the origin and evolution at

school groups

so to do this we build a tabletop machines for road icicles that allows us

to control the temperature water supply rate and their emotional ground yes

we rotate score very slowly well it's growing so we can distribute the war usually

around score to encourage to symmetry and the rotation also allows us to image analyze

the different sides of ice

here are three discourse grown under identical conditions except for the concentration of sodium chloride

salt water

the movie on the left shows that the stillwater icicle which has a platonic shape

with a relatively smooth surface

the movie in the middle is in high school make from this show that has

only forty milligrams of salt water

and we can see that even such a tiny amount of ionic impurities can produce

a clear regular set of triples

move your right shows a much more stable i icicle which deviates furthest away from

both actually symmetry and self similarity

so using image analysis and four methods we found that gram reports are not present

on to stillwater icicles even when it's actually the water with to solve task

growing ripples are also not produced when we have tried to next one hundred which

is not a on extracted that we used we used the surface tension of one

on the other hand ripples appear a nice clothes made from c one water even

at very low concentration

the report on more steel and icicles go faster to higher amplitudes although the amplitude

can also decrease after it has actually

we also found that sufficiently most women's the growth speed of the proposed increases with

the salt concentration

this increase is roughly one rhythmic which is very weak

a little about one o five percent the ripples quite a pi score uniformly at

a speed of a few millimetres per hour

but about one of five we present the recall motion becomes more nonlinear and different

ripples on the scene icicle contract no opposite direction

there have been a couple of theories trying to explain the formation of isaac ripples

but not of them has considered the effect and theories

which we have shown experimentally to bp most significant control parameter in this problem